Gangguan perkembangan koordinasi pada anak sekolah dasar saat pandemi COVID-19: Studi komparatif perawakan pendek dan normal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v23i1.3701Keywords:
gangguan perkembangan koordinasi, perawakan pendek, pandemi COVID-19, anak usia sekolah dasarAbstract
Pendahuluan: Gangguan perkembangan koordinasi (GPK) merupakan gangguan neurodevelopmental pada anak, berupa defisit keterampilan motorik kasar dan halus. Anak dengan perawakan pendek sering mengalami berbagai masalah neurodevelopmental. Di Indonesia, belum ada penelitian secara spesifik membahas atau mengetahui mengenai GPK pada anak perawakan pendek dan normal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran GPK pada anak perawakan pendek dan perbandingannya dengan anak perawakan normal.
Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada 172 anak sekolah dasar usia 6 – 8 tahun di Kota Cirebon. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Penilaian GPK dinilai berdasarkan kuesioner DCDQ 2007 dan DCDDaily-Q terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia. Uji statistik menggunakan IBM SPSS ver 22.
Hasil: Jumlah proporsi GPK berdasarkan kuesioner DCDQ 2007 dan DCDDaily-Q yaitu 11,0% (n=19). Kejadian GPK pada anak perawakan pendek ditemukan lebih banyak dibandingkan anak perawakan normal (14,1% vs 8,9%). Hasil uji analisis didapatkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antar kedua kelompok pada rerata mean skor variabel performa (p=0,040) dan pembelajaran aktivitas motorik (AM) (p=0,035) pada subjek penelitian dengan GPK.
Simpulan: GPK lebih banyak ditemukan pada anak dengan perawakan pendek, terutama dengan defisit variabel performa dan pembelajaran AM. Deteksi dini perkembangan motorik anak sangat diperlukan, terutama saat pandemi COVID-19.
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