Efektivitas terapi latihan peregangan dalam manajemen osteoartritis lutut
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v23i1.4969Keywords:
disabilitas, osteoartritis lutut, pereganganAbstract
Pendahuluan: Terapi latihan peregangan merupakan terapi utama dan mudah dilakukan untuk osteoartritis lutut, penyebab utama disabilitas dan nyeri di dunia. Saat ini, standar pemberian terapi dan efeknya pada osteoartritis lutut masih bervariasi. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan merangkum efektivitas terapi latihan peregangan terhadap penanganan osteoartritis lutut.
Metode: Artikel ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka dari berbagai literatur artikel penelitian mengenai efektivitas latihan peregangan terhadap osteoartritis lutut.
Hasil: Latihan peregangan dapat dilakukan sebagai latihan tunggal ataupun bersamaan dengan latihan lainnya. Latihan ini memberikan efek penurunan nyeri, peningkatan lingkup gerak sendi, dan penurunan disabilitas. Efek-efek tersebut dinilai dengan instrumen Visual Analog Scale (VAS), pemeriksaan lingkup gerak sendi dengan goniometer, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), dan Lequesne’s Index. Peregangan dapat dilakukan secara bervariasi dengan target otot utama adalah kuadrisep dan hamstring selama 15-30 detik, empat sampai sepuluh kali repetisi, dengan frekuensi setiap hari hingga tiga kali seminggu dalam bentuk teknik peregangan statis atau proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). Hasil yang signifikan sudah dapat terlihat dalam enam minggu hingga tiga bulan.
Simpulan: Latihan peregangan menunjukkan efek yang baik dalam menurunkan nyeri, meningkatkan lingkup gerak sendi, menurunkan disabilitas, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup, terutama latihan menggunakan metode peregangan PNF.
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