Kafein dan asam hialuronat topikal menurunkan derajat keparahan melasma pada pasien melasma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v24i2.5585Keywords:
asam hialuronat, hidrokuinon, kafein, melasma, m-MASIAbstract
Pendahuluan: Melasma merupakan kondisi yang ditandai dengan makula hiperpigmentasi dan dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup. Baku emas pengobatan hiperpigmentasi kulit adalah hidrokuinon, namun banyak yang melaporkan efek samping dari penggunaan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek kafein dan asam hialuronat sebagai modalitas tambahan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan mengurangi efek samping krim hidrokuinon.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental murni dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Subjek adalah perempuan dewasa (20-40 tahun), menderita melasma, dan bekerja di RS Mitra Keluarga Bekasi selama rentang periode Januari sampai April 2024. Seluruh subjek kemudian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (n= 18), yaitu kelompok yang diberikan krim hidrokuion 2% dan plasebo (P1) dan kelompok yang diberikan krim hidrokuion 2%, kafein 3%, dan asam hialuronat 0.01% (P2). Sebelum (pretest) dan 8 minggu setelah perlakuan (posttest), derajat keparahan melasma diukur dengan Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (m-MASI).
Hasil: Analisis efek perlakuan yang membandingkan nilai pretest dan posttest lebih lanjut membuktikan terjadi perubahan skor m-MASI yang signifikan pada kelompok P1 (p<0,05) dan P2 (p<0,05). Namun pada kelompok P2 memberikan hasil yang lebih baik daripada P1, dengan terjadinya penurunan skor m-MASI setelah perlakuan selama 8 minggu (p<0,05).
Simpulan: Terapi hidrokuinon 2% topikal selama 8 minggu saja menurunkan skor m-MASI pada pasien melasma, namun dengan penambahan asam hialuronat 0.01% dan kafein 3% lebih meningkatkan efektivitas terapi hidrokuinon 2% topikal pada pasien melasma terhadap skor m-MASI.
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