Kemampuan ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus mutans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v24i1.6128Keywords:
Anredera cordifolia, antibiofilm, biofilm, S. mutans, MICAbstract
Pendahuluan: Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri predominan pada karies gigi. Bakteri ini mampu membentuk biofilm. Adanya resistensi antibiotik dan biofilm yang menghambat penetrasinya menyebabkan perlunya dilakukan penelitian untuk mengendalikan terbentuknya biofilm. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan mudah ditemukan di lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efek antibiofilm ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap S. mutans sebagai penyebab utama karies gigi.
Metode: Ekstrak dipersiapkan menggunakan metode macerasi. Uji antibakteri S. mutans ATCC 25175 menggunakan metode broth microdilution. Pengujian antibiofilm menggunakan metode yang serupa. Biofilm yang terbentuk diwarnai dengan 0,1% crystal violet dan dibaca pada 595 nm menggunakan microplate reader.
Hasil: Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa nilai hambat minimum (MIC) ada pada konsentrasi 3750 µg/ml, sedangkan konsentrasi ekstrak sebagai antibiofilm didapatkan mulai dari konsentrasi 187,5 µg/ml sampai dengan 3000 µg/ml. Analisis statistik menggunakan One-way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna dari masing-masing kelompok perlakuan (p=0,000).
Simpulan: Ekstrak etanol daun binahong dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum 3750 µg/ml serta menghambat pembentukan biofilm S. mutans pada konsentrasi efektif 750 µg/ml.
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