Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan pasien hipertensi dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Gambir
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v24i3.6824Keywords:
hipertensi, kepatuhan minum obat, tingkat pengetahuanAbstract
dalam terapi penting untuk mencegah penyakit hipertensi menjadi tidak terkendali. Penatalaksanaan hipertensi mencakup terapi non-farmakologis dan farmakologis, dengan kepatuhan minum obat menjadi faktor utama dalam mencapai pengendalian tekanan darah yang optimal. Salah satu faktor penting yang memengaruhi kepatuhan pasien adalah pengetahuan. Kepatuhan minum obat berperan penting dalam keberhasilan pengobatan dan dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pengetahuan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan pasien hipertensi dan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Gambir.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional pada populasi yang sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi serta bersedia menjadi responden penelitian, dengan jumlah 124 pasien. Pengetahuan pasien terhadap hipertensi diuji menggunakan kuesioner Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale yang berisikan pertanyaan mengenai definisi, tatalaksana, gaya hidup, pola makan dan komplikasi dari hipertensi, sedangkan kepatuhan pasien diuji menggunakan kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-items. Pengetahuan pasien dikategorikan menjadi tingkat rendah dan tinggi. Kepatuhan hipertensi dikategorikan menjadi rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Korelasi kedua variabel dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman.
Hasil: Didapatkan adanya korelasi positif yang lemah namun signifikan antara pengetahuan mengenai hipertensi dan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi (r = 0,21; p<0,05). Edukasi pasien yang terstruktur serta keterlibatan keluarga dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menelaah lebih lanjut faktor psikososial dan teknologi yang memengaruhi kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan.
Simpulan: Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan pasien mengenai hipertensi, cenderung semakin tinggi tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi obat, meskipun korelasi keduanya termasuk dalam kategori lemah.
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