Off-Grid Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant: The Effect of Light Intensity on Power Output, Voltage, and Current
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/cylinder.v12i1.7427Keywords:
Solar Power System, Off-grid, Solar Irradiance, Power, Renewable Energy.Abstract
As technological development advances and global population growth continues to elevate
energy demand, the persistent dependence on fossil fuels underscores the urgent need to
accelerate the deployment of renewable energy technologies. This study investigates the
performance characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) module operating within an off-grid solar
power system (PLTS), with emphasis on quantifying the effects of solar irradiance on output
power, voltage, and current. The experiment was conducted over a 12-hour period (06:00–
18:00), during which operational parameters were recorded at one-hour intervals. The PV
module employed is a polycrystalline unit with an effective surface area of 0.00759 m² and
nominal maximum ratings of 1.1 W, 0.22 A, and 5 V. Results indicate that increases in
irradiance lead to proportional increases in power output and voltage, whereas the current
remains relatively stable, exhibiting only minor variation within the 0.1–0.2 A range. These
findings provide insights into the irradiance-dependent behavior of small-scale off-grid PV
systems and contribute to improved performance assessment under real-world operating
conditions.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Filian Arbiyani, William Aristo Kurniawan, Rudy Eduard, Djoko Setyanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
