Perilaku Termal Baterai Kendaraan Listrik pada Siklus Mengemudi NEDC dan WLTP: Studi Simulasi Menggunakan GT-Suite
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/cylinder.v11i1.6678Kata Kunci:
Konversi, Kendaraan Listrik, GT-Suite, SimulasiAbstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis perilaku termal dari paket baterai lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) pada kendaraan listrik hasil konversi dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak simulasi GT-Suite. Kendaraan dasar yang digunakan adalah Toyota Avanza dengan mesin 1.3 liter yang dikonversi menjadi kendaraan listrik, dilengkapi motor AC sinkron berdaya puncak 60 kW dan paket baterai sebesar 268,8 V dan 40,32 kWh. Simulasi dilakukan berdasarkan dua siklus pengujian standar, yaitu New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) dan Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP), baik dalam kondisi tanpa sistem pendingin maupun dengan sistem pendingin pasif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suhu maksimum baterai mencapai 45,3°C (NEDC) dan 71,6°C (WLTP) tanpa pendinginan, yang kemudian menurun menjadi 36,6°C dan 48,0°C dengan pendinginan pasif. Peningkatan suhu terutama terjadi saat akselerasi cepat dan laju kendaraan tinggi, menunjukkan bahwa arus pelepasan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pemanasan baterai. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya sistem manajemen termal dalam konversi kendaraan listrik serta efektivitas strategi pendinginan pasif. Penelitian lanjutan direkomendasikan untuk validasi eksperimental dan pengendalian arus melalui sistem manajemen baterai (BMS) guna meningkatkan keselamatan dan masa pakai baterai.
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