Dampak COVID-19 terhadap perawatan antenatal di negara berkembang: Tinjauan literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v24i3.3685Keywords:
antenatal care (ANC), pandemi COVID-19, negara berkembangAbstract
Pendahuluan: Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) masih terbilang tinggi di negara-negara berkembang. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi adalah kunjungan antenatal (ANC) yang dilakukan oleh ibu hamil. Sayangnya, pada masa pandemi COVID-19, capaian ANC menurun, dan bahkan 20% ibu hamil tidak mencapai minimal 4 kali kunjungan ANC.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dimana pencarian literatur dilakukan pada beberapa database yaitu Proquest, Willey, dan Garuda menggunakan “impact”, “COVID-19 pandemic”, “Antenatal Care”, “developing country” sebagai kata kunci. Literatur yang dipilih adalah literatur yang dipublikasi pada tahun 2020 hingga 2021.
Hasil: Sebanyak 341 literatur didapatkan (260 literatur ProQuest, 81 literatur Wiley dan 1 literatur Garuda) kemudian dilakukan pemilihan sesuai kriteria, dan didapatkan 10 artikel yang relevan dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi.
Simpulan: Studi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan angka kunjungan antenatal pada negara berkembang yang disebabkan oleh pembatasan sosial, terbatasnya transportasi, perubahan jam operasional fasilitas kesehatan, pembatasan jumlah pengunjung rumah sakit/klinik, serta faktor tambahan yaitu perubahan aturan jumlah minimal kunjungan antenatal di beberapa negara. Dampak dari penurunan kunjungan antenatal salah satunya adalah peningkatan angka stillbirth, peningkatan angka rawat ICU ibu maternal, dan keterlambatan dalam deteksi risiko komplikasi pada kehamilan. Oleh sebab itu, dampak pandemi dan penurunan kunjungan antenatal terhadap kesejahteraan ibu dan anak perlu diperhatikan lebih lanjut. Pelayanan antenatal yang aman, mudah diakses dan merata tetap diperlukan, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan protokol kesehatan yang ada.
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