PENGARUH FAKTOR INTERNAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI JIWA DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/jm.v20i1.4813Kata Kunci:
profitabilitas, usia perusahaan, tangibility, leverageAbstrak
ABSTRAK
Pengaruh kepemilikan asing pada kinerja perusahaan dan pengaruh faktor-faktor internal perusahaan pada profitabilitas perusahaan telah banyak dilakukan oleh peneliti. Pada tahun 2020, usaha asuransi jiwa konvensional terdiri dari 23 perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan dan 30 perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional. Meskipun berjumlah lebih sedikit, perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan memiliki aset lebih besar dan dapat meraih laba sedangkan perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional memiliki aset lebih kecil dan mencetak kerugian. Seluruh perusahaan asuransi jiwa konvensional tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor eksternal perusahaan yang sama misalnya faktor ekonomi, demografi dan regulasi. Oleh karena itu, pengaruh faktor-faktor internal perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan menjadi penting untuk diteliti.
Penelitian ini menggunakan laporan keuangan terpublikasi dari 16 perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan dan 16 perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional periode 2016 s/d 2020. Faktor-faktor internal yang diteliti adalah ukuran (aset), ekuitas, usia, likuiditas, tangibility, leverage dan loss ratio. Data diolah dengan analisis regresi data panel. Ukuran (aset), ekuitas, likuiditas dan loss ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, baik pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan maupun pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional. Usia perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada profitabilitas perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional. Sedangkan tangibility dan leverage berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan pada profitabilitas perusahaan asuransi jiwa swasta nasional namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa patungan.
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