Akurasi dan Fleksibilitas: Perbandingan Metode Konvensional dan Kontinu dalam Pengukuran Koefisien Muai Panjang Logam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/cylinder.v11i2.6951Kata Kunci:
Koefisien Muai Panjang, Metode Konvensional, Metode Diskrit, Metode Kontinu, Pemuaian TermalAbstrak
Penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode pengukuran koefisien muai panjang logam: Metode Konvensional (Diskrit) dan Metode Baru (Kontinu), dengan fokus pada efektivitas, akurasi, dan fleksibilitas. Pemuaian termal adalah fenomena krusial dalam rekayasa material, dan koefisien muai panjang sangat penting untuk memprediksi perilaku logam di bawah variasi suhu guna mencegah kegagalan struktural. Metode Diskrit (MD), yang secara historis dominan, mengandalkan asumsi linieritas dan secara fundamental memerlukan panjang awal (L0) sebagai acuan mutlak. Ketergantungan ini membatasi fleksibilitasnya dalam situasi eksperimental dinamis, di mana setiap pengukuran lanjutan tetap harus merujuk pada L0 asli. Seiring perkembangan kalkulus numerik, Metode Kontinu (MK) dikembangkan berdasarkan prinsip diferensial, di mana koefisien muai panjang dapat dihitung dari perubahan panjang dan suhu yang infinitesimal tanpa memerlukan L0 secara eksplisit. Pendekatan ini memungkinkan pengukuran dari titik mana pun, menjadikannya lebih adaptif untuk pengujian bertahap. Melalui simulasi numerik pada lima jenis logam, penelitian ini mengevaluasi kedua metode dalam dua skenario: pengukuran awal koefisien muai panjang, dan fleksibilitas pengukuran dari suhu berbeda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kedua metode menghasilkan nilai koefisien muai Panjang yang sangat mendekati ketika diukur dari kondisi awal yang sama. Namun, MK terbukti jauh lebih adaptif dan efisien, karena secara konsisten menghasilkan nilai koefisien muai panjang yang valid tanpa terikat pada L0 asli. MK dapat menggunakan data panjang yang tersedia pada saat itu sebagai acuan awal untuk pengukuran berikutnya, berbeda dengan MD yang hasilnya menjadi tidak konsisten jika tidak merujuk pada L0. Fleksibilitas MK ini sangat relevan untuk pengujian material dinamis dan eksperimen lanjutan di mana kondisi awal mungkin tidak selalu diketahui atau berubah. Penelitian ini menyajikan justifikasi ilmiah dan panduan praktis untuk mengadopsi MK sebagai alternatif yang lebih fleksibel dalam karakterisasi termal material modern.
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