Bokashi Fertilizer Production from Waste Processing at Rusunawa Muara Baru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/mitra.v4i2.1069Kata Kunci:
bokashi, compost, liquid organic fertilizer, organic wasteAbstrak
Waste that is not managed well may potentially cause diseases and negatively affect the quality of life. Rusunawa Muara Baru, Jakarta, is one of our partner communities that need continuous training in all aspects, including waste management. Therefore, the present community service program was carried out to educate the residents of Rusunawa Muara Baru on the importance of sorting waste and how to process household organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer and bokashi compost. The program was conducted twice in two weeks. At the first meeting, an introductory questionnaire was distributed, an interactive discussion was performed, and a fertilizer production workshop using simple composters was initiated. Two weeks later, the composting results were evaluated, and the participants filled out the evaluation questionnaire. Approximately 83% of the participants agreed to sort household waste after the program was completed, which showed the participants' increasing awareness in waste processing. The liquid biofertilizer produced was used for planting vegetable seeds even though it still had a foul odour. The quality of the compost produced, however, was still below expectations. We suggest that in the future, education and workshops on simple household-scale composting methods capable of producing good quality liquid organic fertilizer and compost without odour should be conducted.
Referensi
Anhar, A., Junialdi, R., Zein, A., Advinda, L., & Leilani, I. (2018). Growth and tomato nutrition content with bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) bokashi applied. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 335, 012017, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/335/1/012017.
Birnadi, S. (2014). Pengaruh pengolahan tanah dan pupuk organik bokashi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.) kultivar Wilis. Jurnal Istek, 8(1), 29-46.
Hamonangan, J. (2018). Warga sudah terbiasa jadikan Kali Gendong sebagai tempat pembuangan sampah. http://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2018/12/01/warga-sudahterbiasa-jadikan-kali-gendong-sebagai-tempat-pembuangan-sampah.
Haswindy, S. & Yuliana, F. (2017). Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman pada Kecamatan Tungkil Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(2), 96, doi: 10.14710/jil.15.2.96-111.
Himanen, M. & Hänninen, K. (2011). Composting of bio-waste, aerobic and anaerobic sludges-effect of feedstock on the process and quality of compost. Bioresource Technology, 102(3), 2842-2852, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.059.
Inckel, M., de Smet, P., Tersmette, T., & Veldkamp, T. (2005). The preparation and use of compost. Wageningen: Agromisa Foundation.
Jouhara, H., Czajczyńska, D., Ghazal, H., Krzyżyńska, R., Anguilano, L., Reynolds, A. J., & Spencer, N. (2017). Municipal waste management systems for domestic use. Energy, 139, 485-506, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.162.
Kadoglidou, K., Kalaitzidis, A., Stavrakoudis, D., Mygdalia, A., & Katsantonis, D. (2019). A novel compost for rice cultivation developed by rice industrial by-products to serve circular economy. Agronomy, 9(553), 1-18, doi: 10.3390/agronomy9090553.
Karimuna, L., Rahni, N. M., & Boer, D. (2016). The use of bokashi to enhance agricultural productivity of marginal soils in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 3(1), 1-6, doi: 10.29244/jtcs.3.1.1-6.
Kumar, M., Ou, Y.-L., & Lin, J.-G. (2010). Co-composting of green waste and food waste at low C/N ratio. Waste Management, 30, 602–609, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.11.023.
Kusrinah, Nurhayati, A., & Hayati, N. (2016). Pelatihan dan pendampingan pemanfaatan eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) menjadi pupuk kompos cair untuk mengurangi pencemaran air dan meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kelurahan Kaligawe Kecamatan Gayamsari Kotamadya Semarang. DIMAS, 16(1), 27-48.
Liu, L., Kong, H., Lu, B., Wang, J., Xie, Y., & Fang, P. (2015). The use of concentrated monosodium glutamate wastewater as a conditioning agent for adjusting acidity and minimizing ammonia volatilization in livestock manure composting. Journal of Environmental Management, 161, 131-136, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.029.
Means, N.E., Starbuck, C.J., Kremer, R.J., & Jett, L.W. (2005). Effects of a food wastebased soil conditioner on soil properties and plant growth. Compost Science & Utilization, 13(2), 116-121, doi: 10.1080/1065657x.2005.10702227.
Mehta, C. M. & Sirari, K. (2018). Comparative study of aerobic and anaerobic composting for better understanding of organic waste management: A mini review. Plant Archives, 18(1), 44-48.
Mwegoha, W. (2012). Anaerobic composting of pyrethrum waste with and without effective microorganisms. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 6(8), 293-299, doi: 10.5897/AJEST12.030.
Nizami, A.-S. (2012). Anaerobic digestion: Processes, products, and applications. In: Potential of Activated Sludge Utilization. New York: Nova Science.
Pandit, N. R., Schmidt, H. P., Mulder, J., Hale, S. E., Husson, O., & Cornelissen, G. (2019). Nutrient effect of various composting methods with and without biochar on soil fertility and maize growth. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 66(2), 250-265, doi: 10.1080/03650340.2019.1610168.
Prayogo, C. & Ihsan, M. (2018). Utilization of LCC (Legume Cover Crop) and bokashi fertilizer for the efficiency of Fe and Mn uptake of former coal mine land. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 6(1), 1527-1537, doi:
10.15243/jdmlm.2018.061.1527.
Presiden Republik Indonesia. (2008). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008. https://pelayanan.jakarta.go.id/download/regulasi/undang-undangnomor-18-tahun-2008-tentang-pengelolaan-sampah.pdf.
Presiden Republik Indonesia. (2012). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 81 Tahun 2012. https://kppip.go.id/download/peraturan/pp/148.-Peraturan-Pemerintah-Nomor-81-Tahun-2012-tentang-Pengelolaan-Sampah-Rumah-Tangga-dan-Sampah-Sejenis-Sampah-Rumah-Tangga_2.pdf.
Ramadhan, A. (2018). Sampah di TPS Muara Baru sempat menumpuk tiga hari. 22 Oktober 2018. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2018/10/22/16305491/sampah-di-tpsmuara-baru-sempat-menumpuk-tiga-hari.
Seman-Kamarulzaman, A.-H. & Mohamad, M. A. (2019). The effects of monosodium glutamate as an alternative fertilizer towards the growth of Zea mays. GADING Journal for Science and Technology, 2(2), 1-7.
Shin, K., van Diepen, G., Blok, W., & van Bruggen, A. H. C. (2017). Variability of effective micro-organisms (EM) in bokashi and soil and effects on soil-borne plant pathogens. Crop Protection, 99, 168-176, doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2017.05.025.
Singh, S. Rekha, P. D., Arun, A. B., Huang, Y.-M., Shen, F.-T., & Young, C.-C. (2011). Wastewater from monosodium glutamate industry as a low cost fertilizer source for corn (Zea mays L.). in Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(9), 4001-4007, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.033.
Stabnikova, O., Ding, H.-B., Tay, J.-H., & Wang, J.-Y. (2005). Biotechnology for aerobic conversion of food waste into organic fertilizer. Waste Management & Research, 23, 39-47, doi: 10.1177/0734242x05049768.
Subdirektorat Statistik Lingkungan Hidup. (2017). Statistik lingkungan hidup Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Sunarya, D. S., Nisyawati, & Wardhana, W. (2020). Utilization of baglog waste as bokashi fertilizer with local microorganisms (MOL) activator. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 524, 012013, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/524/1/012013.
Tabun, A. C, Ndoen, B., Peu, C. L. L., Jermias, J. A., Foenay, T. A. Y., & Ndolu. D. A. J. (2017). Pemanfaatan limbah dalam produksi pupuk bokhasi dan pupuk cair organik di Desa Tuatuka Kecamatan Kupang Timur. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Peternakan, 2(2), 107-115, doi: 10.35726/jpmp.v2i2.212.
Thiyageshwari, S., Gayathri, P., Krishnamoorthy, R., Anandham, R., & Paul, D. (2018). Exploration of rice husk compost as an alternate organic manure to enhance the productivity of blackgram in Typic haplustalf and Typic rhodustalf. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(358), doi: 10.3390/ijerph15020358.
Varma, V.S. & Kalamdhad, A.S. (2014). Effects of leachate during vegetable waste composting using rotary drum composter. Environmental Engineering Research, 19(1), 1-7, doi: 10.4491/eer.2014.19.1.067.
Warjoto, E.R., Hartanti, A., & Canti, M. (2019). Metode pengomposan takakura untuk pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga di Cisauk, Tangerang. Jurnal Perkotaan, 10(2), 76-90, doi: 10.25170/perkotaan.v10i2.306.
Xu, F., Lia, Y., Ge, X., Yang, L., & Li, Y. (2018). Anaerobic digestion of food waste –Challenges and opportunities. Bioresource Technology, 247, 1047-1058, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.020.
Yamada, K. & Xu, H. L. (2001). Properties and applications of an organic fertilizer inoculated with effective microorganisms. Journal of Crop Production, 3, 255-268, doi: 10.1300/J144v03n01_21.
Yang, B., Ma, Y., & Xiong, Z. (2018). Effects of different composting strategies on methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide emissions and nutrient loss during smallscale anaerobic composting. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(1), 446-455, doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3646-y.
Yangin-Gomec, C. & Ozturk, I. (2013). Effect of maize silage addition on biomethane recovery from mesophilic co-digestion of chicken and cattle manure to suppress ammonia inhibition. Energy Conversion Management, 71(1), 92-100, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.03.020.
Birnadi, S. (2014). Pengaruh pengolahan tanah dan pupuk organik bokashi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.) kultivar Wilis. Jurnal Istek, 8(1), 29-46.
Hamonangan, J. (2018). Warga sudah terbiasa jadikan Kali Gendong sebagai tempat pembuangan sampah. http://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2018/12/01/warga-sudahterbiasa-jadikan-kali-gendong-sebagai-tempat-pembuangan-sampah.
Haswindy, S. & Yuliana, F. (2017). Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman pada Kecamatan Tungkil Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(2), 96, doi: 10.14710/jil.15.2.96-111.
Himanen, M. & Hänninen, K. (2011). Composting of bio-waste, aerobic and anaerobic sludges-effect of feedstock on the process and quality of compost. Bioresource Technology, 102(3), 2842-2852, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.059.
Inckel, M., de Smet, P., Tersmette, T., & Veldkamp, T. (2005). The preparation and use of compost. Wageningen: Agromisa Foundation.
Jouhara, H., Czajczyńska, D., Ghazal, H., Krzyżyńska, R., Anguilano, L., Reynolds, A. J., & Spencer, N. (2017). Municipal waste management systems for domestic use. Energy, 139, 485-506, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.162.
Kadoglidou, K., Kalaitzidis, A., Stavrakoudis, D., Mygdalia, A., & Katsantonis, D. (2019). A novel compost for rice cultivation developed by rice industrial by-products to serve circular economy. Agronomy, 9(553), 1-18, doi: 10.3390/agronomy9090553.
Karimuna, L., Rahni, N. M., & Boer, D. (2016). The use of bokashi to enhance agricultural productivity of marginal soils in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 3(1), 1-6, doi: 10.29244/jtcs.3.1.1-6.
Kumar, M., Ou, Y.-L., & Lin, J.-G. (2010). Co-composting of green waste and food waste at low C/N ratio. Waste Management, 30, 602–609, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.11.023.
Kusrinah, Nurhayati, A., & Hayati, N. (2016). Pelatihan dan pendampingan pemanfaatan eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) menjadi pupuk kompos cair untuk mengurangi pencemaran air dan meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kelurahan Kaligawe Kecamatan Gayamsari Kotamadya Semarang. DIMAS, 16(1), 27-48.
Liu, L., Kong, H., Lu, B., Wang, J., Xie, Y., & Fang, P. (2015). The use of concentrated monosodium glutamate wastewater as a conditioning agent for adjusting acidity and minimizing ammonia volatilization in livestock manure composting. Journal of Environmental Management, 161, 131-136, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.029.
Means, N.E., Starbuck, C.J., Kremer, R.J., & Jett, L.W. (2005). Effects of a food wastebased soil conditioner on soil properties and plant growth. Compost Science & Utilization, 13(2), 116-121, doi: 10.1080/1065657x.2005.10702227.
Mehta, C. M. & Sirari, K. (2018). Comparative study of aerobic and anaerobic composting for better understanding of organic waste management: A mini review. Plant Archives, 18(1), 44-48.
Mwegoha, W. (2012). Anaerobic composting of pyrethrum waste with and without effective microorganisms. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 6(8), 293-299, doi: 10.5897/AJEST12.030.
Nizami, A.-S. (2012). Anaerobic digestion: Processes, products, and applications. In: Potential of Activated Sludge Utilization. New York: Nova Science.
Pandit, N. R., Schmidt, H. P., Mulder, J., Hale, S. E., Husson, O., & Cornelissen, G. (2019). Nutrient effect of various composting methods with and without biochar on soil fertility and maize growth. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 66(2), 250-265, doi: 10.1080/03650340.2019.1610168.
Prayogo, C. & Ihsan, M. (2018). Utilization of LCC (Legume Cover Crop) and bokashi fertilizer for the efficiency of Fe and Mn uptake of former coal mine land. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 6(1), 1527-1537, doi:
10.15243/jdmlm.2018.061.1527.
Presiden Republik Indonesia. (2008). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008. https://pelayanan.jakarta.go.id/download/regulasi/undang-undangnomor-18-tahun-2008-tentang-pengelolaan-sampah.pdf.
Presiden Republik Indonesia. (2012). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 81 Tahun 2012. https://kppip.go.id/download/peraturan/pp/148.-Peraturan-Pemerintah-Nomor-81-Tahun-2012-tentang-Pengelolaan-Sampah-Rumah-Tangga-dan-Sampah-Sejenis-Sampah-Rumah-Tangga_2.pdf.
Ramadhan, A. (2018). Sampah di TPS Muara Baru sempat menumpuk tiga hari. 22 Oktober 2018. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2018/10/22/16305491/sampah-di-tpsmuara-baru-sempat-menumpuk-tiga-hari.
Seman-Kamarulzaman, A.-H. & Mohamad, M. A. (2019). The effects of monosodium glutamate as an alternative fertilizer towards the growth of Zea mays. GADING Journal for Science and Technology, 2(2), 1-7.
Shin, K., van Diepen, G., Blok, W., & van Bruggen, A. H. C. (2017). Variability of effective micro-organisms (EM) in bokashi and soil and effects on soil-borne plant pathogens. Crop Protection, 99, 168-176, doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2017.05.025.
Singh, S. Rekha, P. D., Arun, A. B., Huang, Y.-M., Shen, F.-T., & Young, C.-C. (2011). Wastewater from monosodium glutamate industry as a low cost fertilizer source for corn (Zea mays L.). in Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(9), 4001-4007, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.033.
Stabnikova, O., Ding, H.-B., Tay, J.-H., & Wang, J.-Y. (2005). Biotechnology for aerobic conversion of food waste into organic fertilizer. Waste Management & Research, 23, 39-47, doi: 10.1177/0734242x05049768.
Subdirektorat Statistik Lingkungan Hidup. (2017). Statistik lingkungan hidup Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Sunarya, D. S., Nisyawati, & Wardhana, W. (2020). Utilization of baglog waste as bokashi fertilizer with local microorganisms (MOL) activator. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 524, 012013, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/524/1/012013.
Tabun, A. C, Ndoen, B., Peu, C. L. L., Jermias, J. A., Foenay, T. A. Y., & Ndolu. D. A. J. (2017). Pemanfaatan limbah dalam produksi pupuk bokhasi dan pupuk cair organik di Desa Tuatuka Kecamatan Kupang Timur. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Peternakan, 2(2), 107-115, doi: 10.35726/jpmp.v2i2.212.
Thiyageshwari, S., Gayathri, P., Krishnamoorthy, R., Anandham, R., & Paul, D. (2018). Exploration of rice husk compost as an alternate organic manure to enhance the productivity of blackgram in Typic haplustalf and Typic rhodustalf. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(358), doi: 10.3390/ijerph15020358.
Varma, V.S. & Kalamdhad, A.S. (2014). Effects of leachate during vegetable waste composting using rotary drum composter. Environmental Engineering Research, 19(1), 1-7, doi: 10.4491/eer.2014.19.1.067.
Warjoto, E.R., Hartanti, A., & Canti, M. (2019). Metode pengomposan takakura untuk pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga di Cisauk, Tangerang. Jurnal Perkotaan, 10(2), 76-90, doi: 10.25170/perkotaan.v10i2.306.
Xu, F., Lia, Y., Ge, X., Yang, L., & Li, Y. (2018). Anaerobic digestion of food waste –Challenges and opportunities. Bioresource Technology, 247, 1047-1058, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.020.
Yamada, K. & Xu, H. L. (2001). Properties and applications of an organic fertilizer inoculated with effective microorganisms. Journal of Crop Production, 3, 255-268, doi: 10.1300/J144v03n01_21.
Yang, B., Ma, Y., & Xiong, Z. (2018). Effects of different composting strategies on methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide emissions and nutrient loss during smallscale anaerobic composting. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(1), 446-455, doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3646-y.
Yangin-Gomec, C. & Ozturk, I. (2013). Effect of maize silage addition on biomethane recovery from mesophilic co-digestion of chicken and cattle manure to suppress ammonia inhibition. Energy Conversion Management, 71(1), 92-100, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.03.020.
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2020-11-18
Cara Mengutip
Warjoto, R. E., Canti, M., Hartanti, A. T., & Prabawanti, B. E. (2020). Bokashi Fertilizer Production from Waste Processing at Rusunawa Muara Baru. MITRA: Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 4(2), 109–122. https://doi.org/10.25170/mitra.v4i2.1069
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