Melatonin sebagai antipenuaan kulit akibat sinar ultraviolet
Keywords:
antioksidan, antipenuaan kulit, melatonin, penuaan kulit, reactive oxygen species, sinar ultravioletAbstract
Penuaan kulit adalah perubahan struktur pada kulit yang merupakan konsekuensi dari bertambahnya usia. Paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV), yang dapat menginduksi pembentukan reactive oxygen species (ROS) dan reactive nitrogen species (RNS) sehingga merusak sel, dapat mempercepat timbulnya penuaan. Munculnya tanda-tanda penuaan kulit tersebut dapat mengganggu penampilan sehingga banyak orang mulai menggunakan produk perawatan kulit. Melatonin diperkirakan memiliki efek antipenuaan kulit, namun penggunaannya sebagai antipenuaan kulit akibat sinar UV belum banyak dipelajari. Sel kulit manusia diketahui dapat mensintesis serta memiliki beberapa jenis reseptor melatonin. Melatonin dan metabolitnya merupakan antioksidan poten yang dapat menekan formasi ROS dan RNS serta menurunkan respons inflamasi akibat sinar UV pada kulit. Pada beberapa penelitian, melatonin terbukti dapat menurunkan kerusakan dan jumlah sel yang mengalami apoptosis akibat paparan sinar UV. Disimpulkan bahwa melatonin dapat digunakan sebagai antipenuaan kulit akibat sinar UV, namun masih dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai bentuk sediaan, dosis, dan efek samping penggunaannya.
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