BIOINSECTICIDE AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITOES DERIVED FROM LEMONGRASS (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS) LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v20i1.1222Keywords:
Aedes aegypti, bioinsecticide, Cymbopogon citratus, extract, lemongrassAbstract
Introduction: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the most common infectious diseases in Indonesia. The vector of this disease is Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti). Dengue hemorrhagic fever can be controlled by a few measures, one of them is using insecticide. However, frequent use of chemical insecticide could lead to resistance and is harmful to non-target organisms. One of the solutions for this problem is the use of bioinsecticide derived from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus or C. citratus) leaves extract.
Methods: The design of this study is true experimental post-test only control group. The population used are adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. For each experiment, 10 mosquitoes are required and given the extract of C. citratus in 2%, 10%, and 20% concentrations, and negative control respectively.The lethal effect of the extract is observed in 10, 30, 60 minutes and 6, 12, 18, 24 hours.
Results: There is a significant difference in the lethal effect of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes with variations in duration of exposure to the C. citratus leaves extract (p = 0.007), but no significant difference with variations in extract concentration given (p = 0.281).
Conclusion: C. citratus leaves extract has bioinsecticidal effect on Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. The optimal result of mosquito mortality is achieved by using the extract in 20% concentration with duration of 12 hours.
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References
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Pinto ZT, Sánchez FF, Santos AR, Amaral ACF, Ferreira JLP, Escalona-Arranz JC, et al. Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil from Cuba and Brazil against housefly. Rev Bras Parasitol Veterinária [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2020 Jan 23];24(1):36–44.
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Kraemer MU, Sinka ME, Duda KA, Mylne AQ, Shearer FM, Barker CM, et al. The global distribution of the arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. eLife [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2019 Apr 20];4:1–18.
Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD). Life cycle of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [cited 2019 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ mosquitoes/about/life-cycles/aedes.html
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Dengue Brach. Dengue and the Aedes aegypti mosquito [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2019 Apr 20]. Available from: https://health.hawaii.gov/ docd/files/2015/11/CDC_aegypti_factsheet.pdf
World Health Organization. Dengue and severe dengue [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/ fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
Ebi KL, Nealon J. Dengue in a changing climate. Environ Res [Internet]. 2016 Nov [cited 2019 Apr 20];151:115–123.
Stanaway JD, Shepard DS, Undurraga EA, Halasa YA, Coffeng LE, Brady OJ, et al. The global burden of dengue: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet [Internet]. 2016 Jun
[cited 2019 Apr 20];16(6):712–723.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Situasi DBD di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan RI; 2016.
Hamid PH, Prastowo J, Ghiffari A, Taubert A, Hermosilla C. Aedes aegypti resistance development to commonly used insecticides in Jakarta, Indonesia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2017 Dec [cited 2019 Apr 20];12(12):1–11.
Ojewumi ME, Banjo MG, Oresegun MO. Analytical investigation of the extract of lemongrass leaves in repelling mosquito. Int J Pharm Sci Res [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2019 Apr 20];8(5):2048–2055.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf [Internet]. Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database; [cited 2019 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=41613#null
Center for Agriculture and Bioscience International. Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) [Internet]. [cited 2019 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www. cabi.org/isc/datasheet/17377
Yeşil Y, Akalın E. Comparative morphological and anatomical characteristics of the species known as lemongrass (limonotu): Melissa officinalis L., Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. and Aloysia citriodora Palau. İstanbul Ecz Fak Derg/J Fac Pharm Istanbul [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2019 Apr 20];45(1):29–37.
National Parks, Singapore Government. Cymbo-pogon citratus (DC.) Stapf [Internet]. National Parks, Singapore Government [cited 2019 May 1]. Available from: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/flora faunaweb/flora/1/9/1918
Bossou AD, Mangelinckx S, Yedomonhan H, Boko PM, Akogbeto MC, De Kimpe N, et al. Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of plant essential oils from Benin against Anopheles gambiae (Giles). Parasites and Vectors [Internet]. 2013 Dec [cited 2019 May 1];6(1):1–17.
Ekesiobi AO, Anene CC, Igbodika MC, Nwigwe HC, Emmy-Egbe IO, Orji NM. Evaluation of repellent and larvicidal activity of Cymbopogon Citratus (Lemongrass) against Filarial vector, Culex Quinquefasciatus. African J Educ Sci Technol [Internet]. 2017 May [cited 2019 May 1];3(4):25–32.
Olorunnisola SK, Asiyanbi HT, Hammed AM, Simsek S. Biological properties of lemongrass: An overview. Int Food Res J [Internet]. 2014 Feb [cited 2019 May 1];21(2):455–462.
AAT Bioquest, Inc. Quest GraphTM LC50 Calculator [Internet]. AAT Bioquest, Inc; [cited 2020 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.aatbio.com/tools/lc50-calculator
Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Efficacy of herbal essential oils as insecticide against Aedes Aegypti (Linn.), Culex Quinquefasciatus (Say) and Anophe-les Dirus (Peyton And Harrison). Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Heal [Internet]. 2011 Sep [cited 2020 Jan 23];42(5):1083–1092.
Aditama W, Yosep Sitepu F, Zulfikar. The effect of lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) extract as insecticide against Aedes aegypti. Int J Mosq Res [Internet]. 2019 Feb [cited 2020 Jan 23];6(1):101–103.
Putri DM, Lestari F, Krisnawati Y. Pengaruh sari
pati daun serai (Cymbopogon citratus) terhadap mortalitas nyamuk. STKIP Lubuklinggau [Internet]. 2018 Sep [cited 2020 Jan 23];1-8.
Yulianis, Putra AA, Dachriyanus. Uji aktifitas antinyamuk minyak atsiri sereh dapur dalam bentuk semprot. J Ipteks Terap [Internet]. 2018 Mar [cited 2020 Jan 23];12(1):78–83.
Hamad A, Nuritasari A, Hartanti D. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Sch Res Libr [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Jan 23];9(5):109–116.
Pinto ZT, Sánchez FF, Santos AR, Amaral ACF, Ferreira JLP, Escalona-Arranz JC, et al. Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil from Cuba and Brazil against housefly. Rev Bras Parasitol Veterinária [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2020 Jan 23];24(1):36–44.
Yudiarti T, Widiastuti E, Pratikno H. Semarang: Buku Ajar Biologi. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Diponegoro; 2004.
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Published
2021-05-31
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Wiranatha J, Makimian R, Dewi R. BIOINSECTICIDE AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITOES DERIVED FROM LEMONGRASS (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS) LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT. DJM [Internet]. 2021 May 31 [cited 2024 Sep. 18];20(1):18-25. Available from: https://ejournal.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/damianus/article/view/1222
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