Hubungan derajat miopisasi dengan katarak senilis pada pasien katarak nuklear
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v23i3.5048Keywords:
derajat, katarak senilis, katarak nuklear, miopisasi, pergeseran miopiaAbstract
Pendahuluan: Katarak adalah penyebab utama gangguan penglihatan, memengaruhi jutaan orang di seluruh dunia, termasuk 81% kasus kebutaan di Indonesia, terutama katarak senilis. Miopia, yang sering dikaitkan dengan katarak nuklear, terjadi akibat perubahan indeks bias pada lensa mata yang mengakibatkan "myopic shift" atau miopisasi. Miopisasi dapat memberikan ilusi perbaikan penglihatan dekat ("second-sight"), yang sering menunda diagnosis dan perawatan katarak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui insidensi dan derajat miopisasi pada pasien katarak senilis di klinik mata Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya (RSAJ), Jakarta.
Metode: Penelitian analitik dengan metode potong lintang retrospektif pada 92 sampel mata pasien di klinik mata RSAJ. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui rekam medis pasien yang terdiagnosis katarak senilis tipe nuklear dan mengalami miopisasi. Pengambilan data rekam medis dilakukan di RSAJ pada bulan April 2023 – Juli 2023 kemudian dilanjutkan pengolahan data dengan uji Chi-square.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan insidensi miopisasi pada katarak senilis berjenis nuklear dengan derajat NO3-NO6 sebesar 39,1% dengan derajat miopia ringan terbanyak yaitu 88,1% dan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat miopisasi ringan dengan katarak senilis tipe nuklear (p=<0,001). Hasil analisis data juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara derajat miopisasi sedang dengan katarak senilis tipe nuklear (p=0,056).
Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara derajat miopisasi ringan dan sedang dengan katarak senilis tipe nuklear pada pasien di klinik mata RSAJ.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. World report on vision. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.
Widyawati, Biro Komunikasi dan Pelayanan Masyarakat. Katarak penyebab terbanyak gangguan penglihatan di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2021.
Rif’Ati L, Halim A, Lestari YD, Moeloek NF, Limburg H. Blindness and visual impairment situation in Indonesia based on rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys in 15 provinces. Ophthalmic Epidemiology. 2020; 1–12.
Muthukrishnan V, Rathnakumar K, Anlin J, Sandeep B. A comparative study of refractive errors with age related cataract and biometric parameters. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Inventions. 2017;4(1):2591-4.
Hughes RP, Vincent SJ, Read SA, Collins MJ. Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: A review. Clin Exp Optom. 2020;103:68.
Elzarrug HK, Makhlouf T, Abdullah RMS. A clinical study to evaluate the refractive errors associated with different types of cataract. IJSR 2015;6: 852.
Pan CW, Cheng CY, Saw SM, Wang JJ, Wong TY. Myopia and age-related cataract: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Nov;156(5):1021-1033.e1.
Díez Ajenjo MA, García Domene MC, Peris Martínez C. Refractive changes in nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts. effect of the type and grade. J Optom. 2015 Apr-Jun;8(2):86-92.
Chaudhari SV, Shelke ST, Bangal SV, Bhandari AJ, Kulkarni AA. Association between refractive errors and senile cataract in rural area of Western Maharashtra. IJMRHS. 2015;4(2):355-6.
Iribarren R, Iribarren G. Prevalence of myopic shifts among patients seeking cataract surgery. Medicina (B Aires). 2013;73(3):207-12.
Tsai LM, Afshari NA, Brasington CR, Cole C, Currie BD, Edgington BD, et al. Basic and clinical science course, Section 11: Lens and cataract. European Board of Ophthalmology. 2021. p 11-28.
Nizami AA, Gurnani B, Gulani AC. Cataract. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): Stat-Pearls Publishing.
Gupta VB, Rajagopala M, Ravishankar B. Etiopathogenesis of cataract: An appraisal. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2014;62:103–10.
GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The right to sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Feb;9(2):e144-e160.
Pesudovs K, Lansingh VC, Kempen JH, Steinmetz JD, Briant PS, Varma R, et al. Cataract-related blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over time in relation to VISION 2020: The right to sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021;62(8):3523.
Khurana AK, Khurana B. Comprehensive opthal-mology. Ed ke-6. New Delhi: The Health Sciences Publisher; 2015. hlm. 190-1.
Kesuma I, Tribowo A, Bahar E. Factor that influence the speed of occurrence of senile cataracts in South Sumatra. Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine. 2020;3(2):137-46.
Singh S, Pardhan S, Kulothungan V, et al. The prevalence and risk factors for cataract in rural and urban India. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2019; 67(4): 477-83.
Kulkarni C. Evaluation of the relation between lens opacities classification system III grading and nuclear size by direct measurement. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2020; 10(2):121-6.
Samarawickrama C, Wang JJ, Burlutsky G, Tan AG, Mitchell P. Nuclear cataract and myopic shift in refraction. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;144(3):457-9.
Wang YH, Huang C, Tseng YL, Zhong J, Li XM. Refractive error and eye health: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Nov 4;8:759767.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Damianus Journal of Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
