AI Policy

The journal recognizes the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI tools in academic research and scholarly publishing. The use of such technologies is permitted only when it is consistent with research integrity, transparency, and ethical publication practices.

Authors may use AI-assisted tools for limited purposes, such as improving language, grammar, spelling, formatting, or readability. However, authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and scholarly content of their manuscripts. AI tools must not replace the authors' intellectual contribution, critical analysis, interpretation, or decision-making.

AI tools must not be listed as authors or co-authors, as they cannot take responsibility for the content of a manuscript. Authors are responsible for verifying all information, references, citations, data, and statements generated or assisted by AI tools, including ensuring that they are accurate and appropriately supported by reliable sources.

If AI or generative AI tools have been used substantially in preparing a manuscript, authors should disclose such use in the manuscript, including the name of the tool and the purpose for which it was used. The use of AI to generate or substantially modify scholarly content without appropriate disclosure may be considered a violation of publication ethics.

Authors should not use AI tools to fabricate or manipulate data, generate false references or citations, create misleading results, or otherwise compromise the integrity of the research. Authors should also exercise caution when entering confidential, proprietary, personal, or unpublished information into external AI tools.