Dampak Urbanisasi terhadap Kesehatan Mental di Perkotaan Indonesia dan Peran Intervensi Kefarmasian: Studi Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/perkotaan.v15i1.5531Keywords:
Intervensi Kefarmasian, Kesehatan Mental, Perkotaan, UrbanisasiAbstract
Urbanisasi di Indonesia telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam struktur sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan kota-kota besar, yang berdampak pada peningkatan prevalensi masalah kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak urbanisasi terhadap kesehatan mental di perkotaan Indonesia dan mengevaluasi peran intervensi farmasi dalam mengatasi kondisi tersebut. Melalui metode pengulasan literatur, ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor seperti kepadatan penduduk, lingkungan fisik yang buruk, dan ketimpangan sosial ekonomi berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya masalah kesehatan mental seperti depresi, kecemasan, dan PTSD. Kelompok yang paling rentan adalah anak muda, wanita, dan masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Tantangan utama dalam layanan kesehatan mental mencakup rendahnya ketersediaan profesional kesehatan mental dan stigma sosial yang kuat. Apoteker memainkan peran kunci dalam pengelolaan terapi obat, deteksi dini, dan pendidikan pasien, serta membantu mengatasi stigma dan keterbatasan akses layanan kesehatan. Studi menunjukkan bahwa intervensi farmasi yang efektif, termasuk digitalisasi layanan kesehatan mental dan integrasi apoteker dalam tim kesehatan mental, dapat meningkatkan kualitas perawatan dan aksesibilitas layanan di perkotaan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan perspektif akademik untuk penyesuaian kebijakan dan strategi efektif guna meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan mental di perkotaan Indonesia.
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